150 Years Since the Premiere of the Symphonic Poem Vltava: A Musical Treasure Celebrating the Czech River
This year marks a major anniversary in Czech music – 150 years since the premiere of one of Bedřich Smetana’s most famous compositions, the symphonic poem Vltava. This masterpiece, part of the cycle Má vlast (My Country), remains to this day a symbol of Czech national music and one of the most iconic musical portrayals of nature.
A Musical Flow of History
Although the piece was completed on December 8, its public premiere did not take place until April 4, 1875, at Žofín Palace in Prague. The debut was an instant triumph and marked one of the greatest successes of Smetana’s career. Remarkably, he composed the entire symphonic poem in just three weeks—even though he was already suffering from severe hearing loss at the time, as noted in his manuscript with the words: “Being completely deaf!”
Smetana intended more than just a melodic depiction of a river. Vltava is a musical representation of the river’s very life—from its gentle springs in the Šumava Mountains, through the peaceful flow across the Czech countryside, to its majestic passage through Prague and confluence with the Elbe. The music beautifully illustrates each part of the river’s journey—tender trickles, joyful village festivities, the magical romance of a moonlit night, and the dramatic rapids of the St. John’s Currents (Svatojánské proudy).
Inspiration and Secrets
There are many theories about what inspired Smetana to compose this iconic piece. One of the most popular speculations claims that the section of the piece representing the river's flow is a transposition of the Czech folk song Kočka leze dírou into a minor key. Others believe that during his stay in Sweden, Smetana was influenced by the local folk song Ack Värmeland. Whatever the truth may be, one thing is certain—Vltava has become a musical embodiment of national identity.
VLTAVA Famed & Flowing
To mark this important anniversary, the National Heritage Institute launched a project in 2025 titled VLTAVA Famed & Flowing, aimed at highlighting the significance of the Vltava River as a national symbol, fostering interest in its cultural heritage, and supporting its future inclusion in the network of European Cultural Routes.
As part of the project, and in cooperation with various partners, many exciting accompanying events are being planned. One highlight of the summer is the unique open-air ballet performance Má Vltava, created under the artistic direction of the Bubeníček brothers and held in the atmospheric setting of Veltrusy Chateau.
For those who wish to learn more about the life and work of Bedřich Smetana, a special exhibition is on display at the Bedřich Smetana Museum. The Czech Philharmonic will bring music to life in castles and chateaux across the country as part of a planned concert series – and even the youngest music lovers won’t be left out. Children can take part in the art competition Vltava Through the Eyes of Children and compete for exciting prizes.
All of this – and much more – awaits you as part of the VLTAVA Famed & Flowing project, which concludes with a major exhibition in a major exhibition at the Prague Castle Riding School, running from September 5, 2025, to January 4, 2026.
Join the Celebration
The 150th anniversary of Vltava is a reason to celebrate – not only for musicians, but for all lovers of Czech culture. Join us in honoring this musical treasure—whether by attending one of the planned events or simply by listening to Smetana’s Vltava and letting its beautiful melody carry you away.